Muffler



July 28, 1925. 1,547,601

H. P. MAXIM MUFFLER Filed Nov. 21, 1921 INVENTOR BYW rM ATTORNEYS Patented July as, 1925.

man rm MAXIM, or marl-om), conxacncur.

MUFFLER.

Application filed l 'ovember 21, 1921. Serial No; 518,815

To all whom it may concern: 7 g

' Be it known that I, HraAM Pnncr MAXIM, a citizen of the'United States, residing at Hartford, inthe-county' of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful 'Im rovements in Mi1fi1ers,* of which theddllowmg is a specification.v

This invention relates to mufilers or silencers and while capable of general application it is more particularly adapted for use in connection with pneumatic machinery such as air drills, hoists, compressors or the like for silencing eitherthe exhaust or the inta e thereof.

One object of the invention is to provide a mufller adapted to encircle a tubular conductor carrying the air or other sound propagating medium and to receive said medium directly from a lateral exhaust port in the wall of said tube.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mufller having one or more of its parts constructed and arranged to cooperate readily with additional arts of similar construction to increase t e capacity of the mufller.

Further objects of the invention are to provide a mufller having a minimum number of component parts, to provide a mufiler of unusually sim 1e and rugged construction, andto provide a reliable and eflicient muffler at a low cost of manufacture.

To the accomplishment of these objects and such others as may hereinafter appear, the invention comprises the features of construction and arrangements of parts hereinafter described'and particularly pointed out in the ap nded claims.

Inthe rawings- I Fig. 1 is a view, partially in longitudinal section "and partially in side elevation, of a mufiier constructed in accordance with the present invention and embodying certain preferred features of construction adapting it for use in connection with a tubular body or conductor having a lateral exhaust or intake port;

Figs. 2 and 3 are views similar to Fig. 1

and show mufilers which embody certain preferred features of construction common tothe mufller shown in said figure but which have greater capacity so that they are caable of muifling the noise of a more poweriiil exhaust or-intake. 7

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, a mufller. 5 encircles the outer tubular casing 6 of a pneumatic drill and encloses a lateral exhaust port.7 in said casing. .l i'The mufiler 5-comprises two castings in 1 .,the form of annular end plates or heads 8 and 9, the

plate 8 having a hub 10 upon its outer face and a plurality oflconcentric annular ribs or flanges 11 projecting axially from its innerface, while the plate9 has {hub 12 upon its outer face and a plurality ofconcentric annular ribs or flanges 13 projectin axially from its inner. face in staggere relation to the corresponding ribs 11 of the plate 8. The hubs10 and 12 are adapted to receive and fit tightly upon the drill casing 6 and the plate 8 is adapted to be rigidly secured to stud-casing by means such as a key or pin 14, extending through the hub relative positions above specified by means of a pluralityof tie-bolts one of which is shown at 15, this bolt extending in an axial direction through the end plates and having a head bearing against the outer face of the of said plate and through akeywayin the end plate 8 and a nut 16 threaded upon the opposite end ofthe bolt and bearing against the outer face of the end plate 9. The tiebolts may be provided with spacing collars 17 for spacing the edge faces of the annular ribs 11 and 13 from the opposed end plates.

'By virture of the above described construction and arrangement of the end plates and their ribs there is provided between said plates a series of annular concentric chambers 18 which are interconnected so as to form a continuous tortuous passage radiating from the drill casing in all directions perpendicular to its axis. .The innermost chamber 18 registers with the exhaust port 7 to receive therefrom the exhaust air and the sound waves issuing from the drill casing. From the innermost chamber 18 the air and sound waves pass outwardly a zig-zag course through the tortuous passa e between the end plates and are finally discharged through an annular port 19 1n the outer periphery of the mufller. As the sound waves travel through the abrupt turns of the above described mufller passage, they are broken up so that the noise is deadened or mufiled before they emerge through. the prt'18. To further assist in deadening the noise of the exhaust the invention also contemplates covering or upholstering the walls of the tortuous passage with material such as powdered asbestos which will tend to prevent reflection of the sound waves. I

The above described muflier is composed of a minimum number of parts'which are adapted to be compactly arranged to produce an effective mufller of relatively small size. The parts of the mumer are preferabl made of cast metal and are or such design that they may be economically manufactured and readily assembled. -Furthermore, the muflier is of particularly rugged construction and well adapted to withstand therough handling incident to the use of air drills or the like.

' In Fig. 2 is shown amufller 20 of greater capacity than the mufiler 5 hereinbefore describeda The mufiier'20 is applied to a tu- ,bular drill ca'sing 21 which is similar to the drill casing upon which the muflier 5 is mounted but which is provided with a lateral exhaust port 22 which is of greater area than the port'7 shown in Fig. 1 to permit the escape of a more powerful exhaust. As shown, the port 22 is elongated longitudinally of the drill casing and the mufller 20 is of greater axial width than the muflier 5 soas to cover the longer port. The mufller 20 is composed of three castings comprising an annular end plate 23, a second annular end plate 24 and an intermediate annular member 25. The end plate 23 is a duplicate provided of the end plate in Fig. 1, bein aving the with concentric annular ribs 11 same construction and arrangement as the corresponding ribs of the end plate 8. The endplate 24 is similar to the end plate 23 andthe concentric annular ribs carried-by the plate 24 have exactly the same construc-" tion and arrangement as the ribs of the plate 23. The two end. plates 23 and 24, however, are arranged in reversed positions upon the drill casing with their ribbed faces opposed to each other. The intermediate annular member 25 is provided with ribs 26 projecting from its opposite side faces-these ribs being arranged" in staggered relation to the ribs of the end plates 23 and 24 when said member and end plates are positioned upon the drill casing- The three mufller members 23, 24 and 25 are adapted for assembly with the ribs 26 interposed between and spaced from the ribs of the members or lates 23 and 24, and the three members are eld in assembled relation by means of tiebolts 27. Suitable means such as spacin collars 27 may be provided for spacing sai members laterally so that theedge faces of the ribs 26 will be spaced from the inner faces of the respective end plates 23 and 24 and the edge faces'of the ribs upon said end plates will be spaced from the adjacent side faces of the intermediate member 25. Thus a tortuous passage is formed on either side of the intermediate muflier member 25 these passages being the, same as the tortuous pas- .ceive the exhaust air and the sound waves.

The two muflier passages terminate in annu-' lar discharge ports 28 and 29 in the periphcry of the mufiler at opposite sides of the intermediate member 25.. A pin 30 extends through the hub of the plate 23 to secure the above described muffler to the drill casing.

The mufiler 31 shown in Fig. 3 is of still greatercapacity than the muflier 20 and is applied to a drill casing having a lateral exhaust port 32 of greater areaand length than the port 22 and thus adapted to permit the escape therethrough of a more powerful exhaust. The mufiler 31 comprises five ribbed members 33, 34, 35, 36 and 37, the members 33, 34 and 37 being duplicates of the members-23, 25 and 24, respectively, of the muflier 20 shown; in Fig. 2. The member 36 is also a duplicate of the member 25 of the muflier 20 and the member'35 is similar to the members 34 and 36 but is provided with four ribs upon each side instead of three ribs as in said members. The members of the muflier 31 are assembled in the same spaced relation as that described in connection with Fig. 3and they may be similarly secured together in spaced relation and similarly fastened to the drill casing. When the five mufller members are assembled as shown in Fig. 3, four tortuous muflier passages are provided which lead outwardly from a common central chamber which registers with the port 32.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the ca acity of the mufiier shown in Fig. 1;may be doubled by substituting for the end plate 9 another end plate which is or may be a duplicate of the end plate 8 andby interposing between the end plates a third member such as the member 25. It will also be seenthat the capacity of a mufller constructed as shown. in Fig. 2 may be doubled by merely interposing between one of its end members and the ad acent member two other mufiier members such as those shown at 35 and 36 in Fig. 3. It is obvious that to construct a mufller of still greater capacity it will be necessary only to provide more intermediate mufiier members in the assembly. Thus by keeping in stock a supply of the several diflferent forms of muflier members herein described, a manufacturer is enabled to readily construct'a mufiler of any required capacity. simply by assembling the required number of mufiler members in their proper relative positions and securin the assembled members together by tie-b0 ts of therproper length.

e invention has been disclosed herein for illustrative purposes in its preferred embodiment and also with the aid of certain modifications thereof but it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description.

What I claim 1s:

1. A mufiler comprising a plurality of annular members adapted for assembly in side by side spaced relation upon a tubular conduit for intake or exhaust gases, said members each having a lurality of concentric annular ribs projecting from its face into staggered relation with similar ribs upon the opposed face of an adjacent member to provide one or more continuous tortuous passageways radiating in all directions perpendicular to the axis of said conduit, said conduit having a lateral port opening into said radiating passageway or passageways, and means for securing said members to said conduit with the members and ribs arranged as specified.

2. A mufiler comprising a plurality-oi"- annular members adapted for assembly in side by side spaced relation upon a tubular conduit for intake or exhaust gases, said members each having a plurality of concentric annular ribs projecting from its faceinto staggered relation with similar ribs upon the opposed face of an adjacent memher to provide one or jnore continuous tortuous passageways radiating in all directions perpendicular to the axis of said conduit, said conduit havin'g'la lateral port openmg into said radiating passageway orpas ,sageways, and means for securing said members to said conduit with the members and ribs arranged as s ecified comprising tie bolts and spacing co lars.

3. A mufiler comprising a plurality of annular members adapted for assembly in side by side spaced relation upon a tubular conduit for intake or exhaust gases, said members each having a lurality of concentric annular ribs projectin from its face into staggered relation witi similar ribs upon-- the opposed face of an adjacent member to provide one or more continuous tortuous passageways radiating in all directions perpendicular to the axis of said conduit, said conduit having a lateral port opening into said radiating passageway or passageways, a hub upon one of said members, means for securing said members together with the members and ribs arranged as specified, and means for securing said hub to said conduit.

A. A mufller comprising an annular member adapted to fit tightly upon the outside of a cylindrical conductor provided with a lateral port, a plurality of concentric annular ribs projecting in axial directions from one face'of said member, a second end member similar to the first member and having the same arrangement of ribs thereon and cooperating with the first member to provide a central mufiler chamber for communicating with said port, one-or more intermediate muflier members interposed between the first and second members and each having a plurality of concentric ribs projecting from opposite sides thereof adapted to be interposed betweenand spaced from the ribs of the next adjacent member, and means for securing said members together with the ribs arranged as specified and also with the inner face of each member spaced from the ribs of the opposed member and means for securing the whole structure to said conductor.

5. A. mufllercomprising a plurality of annular members held in assembled relation, the outermost members of which-are adapted to fit tightlyupon a tubular conduit carrying intake or exhaust gases to provide an annular central chamber around said conduit with which a lateral port in said conduit communicates, each of said annular members having a plurality of concentric annular ribs projecting from its face into staggered relation with similar ribs upon .the opposed face of an adjacent member to provide one or more continuous tortuous passageways radiating in all directions from said central chamber, and means for retaining said annular members in assembled relation as specified.

In "testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature. 

